Brushless DC Motors

Overview

Brushless DC (BLDC) motors are similar to Brushed DC Motors, except the commutation is done electronically, and the permanent magnets are on the rotor and the coils on the stator. Instead of using the brushes and the rotation of the commutator to power the coils, external circuitry is used. Brushless DC motors are generally more expensive and the extra effort to construct the circuitry must be considered. However, BLDCs can be more efficient under light loads, typically have better power-to-weight ratios and produce less wear on internal components. BLDCs are used in computer hard drives, CD/DVD players, and PC cooling fans and electric cars.

Commutation Circuitry

Unlike a DC motor, which is automatically commutated by the rotation of its brushes, a brushless DC motor can only be commutated by changing the voltage level on each of its three inputs. The image to the right depicts a typical commutation diagram taken from the [Motor 4443S013 Datasheet]

References

• Wikipedia, "Brushless DC electric motor", http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brushless_motors